Cognitive biases refer to the various ways in which our thought processes can deviate from rationality and logic. These biases can lead us to make errors in judgment, and they can significantly affect our perception of reality. Here are some common cognitive biases and how they can affect our thinking: Confirmation bias: This bias refers to our tendency to seek out and interpret information in a way that confirms our existing beliefs and assumptions. This can lead us to discount or ignore evidence that contradicts our views and overemphasize evidence that supports them. For example, someone who strongly believes in a particular political candidate may selectively search for news stories and social media posts that portray that candidate in a positive light, while ignoring or dismissing stories that cast the candidate in a negative light. This can lead to a distorted perception of reality and make it difficult for us to objectively evaluate new information. Availability heuristic: This bias refers to our tendency to rely on the most easily accessible information when making decisions or judgments. We may overestimate the importance of information that is easily accessible in our memory, while underestimating the importance of information that is less accessible. For example, if we hear about a plane crash on the news, we may become more afraid of flying, even though statistically air travel is still safer than driving. . This bias can lead us to make decisions based on incomplete or misleading information. Anchoring bias: This bias refers to our tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information we receive when making decisions, even if that information is not relevant to matter or arbitrarily. For example, in negotiations, the first offer made by one party can serve as an anchor for subsequent negotiations. If the initial offer is very high, the other party may adjust its own offer upward, even if this is not reasonable or justified. This bias can lead us to make decisions that are not based on objective facts or reasoning. Cost Fallacy: This bias refers to our tendency to continue investing in a project or solution even if it no longer makes sense, simply because we already invested time, money or other resources into it. For example, if we spent a lot of money on a vacation that turned out to be disappointing, we may still feel forced to continue the vacation and try to salvage it, rather than cutting our losses and leaving early. This bias can lead us to make decisions that are not in our best interests in the long term. These are just a few examples of the many cognitive biases that can affect our decision making and perception of reality. It is important to be aware of these biases and make a conscious effort to overcome them when making decisions or evaluating new information. Psychological counselingPopov Sergey - https://www.b17.ru/popov_sergeySign up for a consultation on WhatsApp - 89152853918